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“Shattered Truths and Surreal Horizons”

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1) EXPRESSIONISM Introduction Expressionism emerged in the early 20th century, mainly in Germany, as a reaction against realism and materialism. Instead of representing the external world accurately, Expressionists aimed to project inner emotional experience onto the world. Historical Background Developed before and after World War I. Reflected anxiety, fear, alienation, and psychological disturbance caused by industrialization and war. Influenced by thinkers like Nietzsche and Freud. Key Characteristics Distorted forms and exaggerated figures Intense and unnatural colours Themes of isolation, suffering, madness Focus on subjective reality (how things feel rather than how they look) Emotional exaggeration In Literature Expressionist literature often shows: Fragmented dialogue Symbolism Inner monologue Characters trapped in oppressive systems Example: Franz Kafka portrays alienation and absurdity in works like The Metamorphosis . Poem : The streets twist like broken veins,   Windo...
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'1984' The Surveillance Sacrament

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Brief Notes on the Two Videos Video 1: Defining "Orwellian" Deceptive Language: The term "Orwellian" most accurately describes the deceptive and manipulative use of language by those in power. Shaping Thought: The central theme is that words have the power to shape thought ; by controlling language (Newspeak), the Party limits the range of human ideas. Political Hijacking: Orwell warned that politicians use language to "hijack" meaning, turning "War is Peace" and "Freedom is Slavery" into accepted truths to fool the public. Control of Time: A core tenet of the Party's power is the manipulation of history: "Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past" . Video 2: 1984 as a Critique of Religion Religious Satire: Be...
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NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ACADEMIC WRITING

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THE VERY INFORMATIVE ACADEMIC WORKSHOP  📚 My Detailed Learning Experience from the National Workshop on Academic Writing (27 January – 1 February 2026 | Department of English, MKBU) The National Workshop on Academic Writing was a very meaningful and enriching experience for me. It was not just a workshop about writing; it helped me understand research, academic honesty, the role of AI, and career planning in a deeper way. Over six days, different professors guided us through important topics that every student and researcher should know. In this blog, I am sharing my personal learning outcomes from each session. ✍️ 1. Academic Writing is Clear Thinking Sessions by Prof. Kalyan Chattopadhyay & Dr. Paresh Joshi In the beginning sessions, I understood that academic writing is not about using difficult words. It is about presenting ideas clearly and logically. Before this workshop, I used to focus more on language. Now I understand that structure and clarity are more important tha...
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“Behind the Algorithm: Labour, Bias, and the Politics of Visibility”

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“ Behind the Algorithm: Labour, Bias, and the Politics of Visibility” TASK 1 — AI, Bias & Epistemic Representation in Humans in the Loop 🎬 Humans in the Loop (2024 Documentary) Humans in the Loop critically interrogates the relationship between artificial intelligence and human knowledge by revealing that AI systems are not autonomous or neutral, but deeply dependent on human labour and socially embedded forms of knowledge production. The documentary dismantles the myth of AI as purely technical and exposes it as culturally mediated, ideologically structured, and politically situated. 1️⃣ Algorithmic Bias as Culturally Situated The film demonstrates that algorithmic bias is not simply a coding error but a reflection of cultural assumptions embedded in datasets and labour processes. Through scenes of data annotators labelling images, moderating content, or categorizing human behavior, the film shows how AI “learning” depends on subjective human judgment. Rather than present...
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W H Auden's poems

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  Auden's Speciality in poetry ✨️ 
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“Absurdism and Advaita”

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  Introduction  Waiting for Godot explores the themes of waiting, uncertainty, and existential crisis within the framework of Absurdism. When read alongside the Bhagavad Gita , the play gains a new interpretative dimension. The Gita’s teachings on karma, duty, detachment, and time provide an Indian philosophical lens to understand the characters’ paralysis and search for meaning. Section A: Conceptual Warm-Up  1. Arjuna’s Vishada and Vladimir–Estragon’s Crisis In the Bhagavad Gita , Arjuna’s vishada arises from moral confusion and the fear of meaningless violence. Similarly, in Waiting for Godot , Vladimir and Estragon experience existential paralysis. They do not understand their purpose, doubt their memory, and question why they wait. Like Arjuna, they feel disoriented, but unlike him, they receive no divine guidance or resolution. 1. अर्जुन-विषाद (अध्याय 1, श्लोक 1.30) श्लोकः: गाण्डीवं स्रंसते हस्तात् त्वक्चैव परिदह्यते। न च शक्नोम्यवस्थातुं भ्रमतीव च मे मनः॥ ...
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Waiting for Godot

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